On this day in Tudor history, 13th September, famous Tudor poet and antiquary John Leland was born; and Elizabeth I's chief advisor and "spirit", William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, was born...
- c.1503 – Birth of John Leland, poet and antiquary. Leland is known for his Latin poems and his antiquarian writings which included Assertio inclytissimi Arturii regis Britanniae, which he presented to Henry VIII, his “New Year's Gift” to Henry VIII, Antiquitates Britanniae, De uiris illustribus, his travel notes and his defence of the legends of King Arthur. See video below.
- 1520 - Birth of William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley and Elizabeth I's chief advisor, at Bourne in Lincolnshire. See video below for more on the man Elizabeth I called her "spirit".
- 1544 – Death of Edward Lee, Archbishop of York. He was buried at York Minster, in the south choir aisle. Lee served Henry VIII as his almoner and a diplomat, as well as being an archbishop.
- 1557 – Death of Sir John Cheke, Tudor scholar, one time tutor to Edward VI, Secretary of State for Lady Jane Grey and the first Regius Professor of Greek at Cambridge University. He died at the home of his friend, Peter Osborne, in Wood Street, London, probably from influenza, and was buried nearby at the church of St Alban, Wood Street, in the north chapel of the chancel.
- 1596 – Death of Sir Francis Englefield, courtier, politician and pro-Spanish Catholic exile, at St Alban's College in Valladolid, Spain. He was buried in the college chapel.
- 1598 – Death of Philip II of Spain at El Escorial, near Madrid. He was buried there the next day. It is thought that he died of cancer, and he had been ill for fifty-two days.
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